Physics of the interstellar and intergalactic medium
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Princeton, N.J. : Princeton University Press, [2011].
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9780691122137, 069112213X, 9780691122144, 0691122148
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xviii, 540 pages : illustrations (some color), maps ; 25 cm.
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English

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Bibliography
Includes bibliographical references (pages [511]-528) and index.
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APA Citation (style guide)

Draine, B. T. (2011). Physics of the interstellar and intergalactic medium. Princeton, N.J., Princeton University Press.

Chicago / Turabian - Author Date Citation (style guide)

Draine, Bruce T., 1947-. 2011. Physics of the Interstellar and Intergalactic Medium. Princeton, N.J., Princeton University Press.

Chicago / Turabian - Humanities Citation (style guide)

Draine, Bruce T., 1947-, Physics of the Interstellar and Intergalactic Medium. Princeton, N.J., Princeton University Press, 2011.

MLA Citation (style guide)

Draine, Bruce T. Physics of the Interstellar and Intergalactic Medium. Princeton, N.J., Princeton University Press, 2011.

Note! Citation formats are based on standards as of July 2022. Citations contain only title, author, edition, publisher, and year published. Citations should be used as a guideline and should be double checked for accuracy.
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504 |a Includes bibliographical references (pages [511]-528) and index.
50500|g Machine generated contents note:|g 1.|t Introduction --|g 1.1.|t Organization of the ISM: Characteristic Phases --|g 1.2.|t Elemental Composition --|g 1.3.|t Energy Densities --|g 2.|t Collisional Processes --|g 2.1.|t Collisional Rate Coefficients --|g 2.2.|t Inverse-Square Law Forces: Elastic Scattering --|g 2.3.|t Electron-Ion Inelastic Scattering: Collision Strength ωul --|g 2.4.|t Ion-Neutral Collision Rates --|g 2.5.|t Electron-Neutral Collision Rates --|g 2.6.|t Neutral-Neutral Collision Rates --|g 3.|t Statistical Mechanics and Thermodynamic Equilibrium --|g 3.1.|t Partition Functions --|g 3.2.|t Detailed Balance: The Law of Mass Action --|g 3.3.|t Ionization and Recombination --|g 3.4.|t Saha Equation --|g 3.5.|t Detailed Balance: Ratios of Rate Coefficients --|g 3.6.|t Detailed Balance: Ratios of Cross Sections --|g 3.7.|t Example: Three-Body Recombination --|g 3.8.|t Departure Coefficients --|g 4.|t Energy Levels of Atoms and Ions --|g 4.1.|t Single-Electron Orbitals --|g 4.2.|t Configurations --|g 4.3.|t Spectroscopic Terms --|g 4.4.|t Fine Structure: Spin-Orbit Interaction
50500|g 4.5.|t Designation of Energy Levels for Atoms and Ions: Spectroscopic Notation --|g 4.6.|t Hyperfine Structure: Interaction with Nuclear Spin --|g 4.7.|t Zeeman Effect --|g 4.8.|t Further Reading --|g 5.|t Energy Levels of Molecules --|g 5.1.|t Diatomic Molecules --|g 5.2.|t Energy Levels of Nonlinear Molecules --|g 5.3.|t Zeeman Splitting --|g 5.4.|t Further Reading --|g 6.|t Spontaneous Emission, Stimulated Emission, and Absorption --|g 6.1.|t Emission and Absorption of Photons --|g 6.2.|t Absorption Cross Section --|g 6.3.|t Oscillator Strength --|g 6.4.|t Intrinsic Line Profile --|g 6.5.|t Doppler Broadening: The Voigt Line Profile --|g 6.6.|t Transition from Doppler Core to Damping Wings --|g 6.7.|t Selection Rules for Radiative Transitions --|g 7.|t Radiative Transfer --|g 7.1.|t Physical Quantities --|g 7.2.|t Equation of Radiative Transfer --|g 7.3.|t Emission and Absorption Coefficients --|g 7.4.|t Integration of the Equation of Radiative Transfer --|g 7.5.|t Maser Lines --|g 8.|t HI 21-cm Emission and Absorption --|g 8.1.|t HI Emissivity and Absorption Coefficient --|g 8.2.|t Optically Thin Cloud --|g 8.3.|t Spin Temperature Determination Using Background Radio Sources
50500|g 9.|t Absorption Lines: The Curve of Growth --|g 9.1.|t Absorption Lines --|g 9.2.|t Optically Thin Absorption, &tau;0 < 1 --|g 9.3.|t Flat Portion of the Curve of Growth, 10 < &tau;0 < &tau;damp --|g 9.4.|t Damped Portion of the Curve of Growth, &tau;0 > &tau;damp --|g 9.5.|t Approximation Formulae for W --|g 9.6.|t Doublet Ratio --|g 9.7.|t Lyman Series of Hydrogen: Ly &alpha;, Ly &beta;, Ly &gamma; --|g 9.8.|t Lyman Limit --|g 9.9.|t H2: Lyman and Werner Bands --|g 9.10.|t "Metal" Lines --|g 9.11.|t Abundances in HI Gas --|g 10.|t Emission and Absorption by a Thermal Plasma --|g 10.1.|t Free-Free Emission (Bremsstrahlung) --|g 10.2.|t Gaunt Factor --|g 10.3.|t Frequency-Averaged Gaunt Factor --|g 10.4.|t Free-Free Absorption --|g 10.5.|t Emission Measure --|g 10.6.|t Free-Bound Transitions: Recombination Continuum --|g 10.7.|t Radio Recombination Lines --|g 11.|t Propagation of Radio Waves through the ISM --|g 11.1.|t Dispersion Relation for Cold Plasmas --|g 11.2.|t Dispersion --|g 11.3.|t Faraday Rotation --|g 11.4.|t Refraction --|g 11.5.|t Scintillation --|g 11.6.|t Interstellar Electron Density Power Spectrum --|g 11.7.|t Extreme Scattering Events
50500|g 12.|t Interstellar Radiation Fields --|g 12.1.|t Galactic Synchrotron Radiation --|g 12.2.|t Cosmic Microwave Background Radiation --|g 12.3.|t Free-Free Emission and Recombination Continuum --|g 12.4.|t Infrared Emission from Dust --|g 12.5.|t Starlight in an HI Region --|g 12.6.|t X Rays from Hot Plasma --|g 12.7.|t Radiation Field in a Photodissociation Region near a Hot Star --|g 13.|t Ionization Processes --|g 13.1.|t Photoionization --|g 13.2.|t Auger Ionization and X-Ray Fluorescence --|g 13.3.|t Secondary Ionizations --|g 13.4.|t Collisional Ionization --|g 13.5.|t Cosmic Ray Ionization --|g 14.|t Recombination of Ions with Electrons --|g 14.1.|t Radiative Recombination --|g 14.2.|t Radiative Recombination of Hydrogen --|g 14.3.|t Radiative Recombination: Helium --|g 14.4.|t Radiative Recombination: Heavy Elements --|g 14.5.|t Dielectronic Recombination --|g 14.6.|t Dissociative Recombination --|g 14.7.|t Charge Exchange --|g 14.8.|t Ion Neutralization by Dust Grains --|g 14.9.|t Ionization Balance in Collisionally Ionized Gas --|g 15.|t Photoionized Gas --|g 15.1.|t H II Regions as Stromgren Spheres --|g 15.2.|t Time Scales
50500|g 15.3.|t Neutral Fraction within an H II Region --|g 15.4.|t Dusty H II Regions with Radiation Pressure --|g 15.5.|t Ionization of Helium and Other Elements --|g 15.6.|t Planetary Nebulae --|g 15.7.|t Escape of Lyman &alpha; --|g 15.8.|t Ionization by Power-Law Spectra --|g 16.|t Ionization in Predominantly Neutral Regions --|g 16.1.|t H I Regions: Ionization of Metals --|g 16.2.|t Cool H I Regions: Ionization of Hydrogen --|g 16.3.|t Warm H I Regions --|g 16.4.|t Diffuse Molecular Gas --|g 16.5.|t Dense Molecular Gas: Dark Clouds --|g 17.|t Collisional Excitation --|g 17.1.|t Two-Level Atom --|g 17.2.|t Critical Density nerit, u --|g 17.3.|t Example: HI Spin Temperature --|g 17.4.|t Example: CII Fine Structure Excitation --|g 17.5.|t Three-Level Atom --|g 17.6.|t Example: Fine Structure Excitation of CI and OI --|g 17.7.|t Measurement of Density and Pressure Using CI --|g 18.|t Nebular Diagnostics --|g 18.1.|t Temperature Diagnostics: Collisionally Excited Optical/UV Lines --|g 18.2.|t Density Diagnostics: Collisionally Excited Optical/UV Lines --|g 18.3.|t Density Diagnostics: Fine-Structure Emission Lines --|g 18.4.|t Other Diagnostic Methods
50500|g 18.5.|t Abundance Determination from Collisionally Excited Lines --|g 18.6.|t Abundances from Optical Recombination Lines --|g 18.7.|t Ionization/Excitation Diagnostics: The BPT Diagram --|g 19.|t Radiative Trapping --|g 19.1.|t Escape Probability Approximation --|g 19.2.|t Homogeneous Static Spherical Cloud --|g 19.3.|t Example: CO J =I-O --|g 19.4.|t LVG Approximation: Hubble Flow --|g 19.5.|t Escape Probability for Turbulent Clouds --|g 19.6.|t CO I-O Emission as a Tracer of H2 Mass: CO "X-Factor" --|g 20.|t Optical Pumping --|g 20.1.|t UV Pumping by Continuum --|g 20.2.|t Infrared Pumping: OH --|g 20.3.|t UV Pumping by Line Coincidence: Bowen Fluorescence --|g 21.|t Interstellar Dust: Observed Properties --|g 21.1.|t Interstellar Extinction --|g 21.2.|t Parametric Fits to the Extinction Curve --|g 21.3.|t Polarization by Interstellar Dust --|g 21.4.|t Scattering of Starlight by Interstellar Dust --|g 21.5.|t Size Distribution of Interstellar Dust --|g 21.6.|t Purcell Limit: Lower Limit on Dust Volume --|g 21.7.|t Infrared Emission --|g 21.8.|t Luminescence --|g 22.|t Scattering and Absorption by Small Particles --|g 22.1.|t Cross Sections and Efficiency Factors
50500|g 22.2.|t Dielectric Function and Refractive Index --|g 22.3.|t Electric Dipole Limit: Size < &lambda; --|g 22.4.|t Limiting Behavior at Long Wavelengths --|g 22.5.|t Sizes Comparable to Wavelength: Mie Theory --|g 22.6.|t Nonspherical Particles --|g 22.7.|t Interstellar Grains --|g 23.|t Composition of Interstellar Dust --|g 23.1.|t Abundance Constraints --|g 23.2.|t Presolar Grains in Meteorites --|g 23.3.|t Observed Spectral Features of Dust --|g 23.4.|t Silicates --|g 23.5.|t Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons --|g 23.6.|t Graphite --|g 23.7.|t Diamond --|g 23.8.|t Amorphous Carbons, Including Hydrogenated Amorphous Carbon --|g 23.9.|t Fullerenes --|g 23.10.|t Models for Interstellar Dust --|g 24.|t Temperatures of Interstellar Grains --|g 24.1.|t Heating and Cooling of "Classical" Dust Grains --|g 24.2.|t Heating and Cooling of Ultrasmall Dust Grains: Temperature Spikes --|g 24.3.|t Infrared Emission from Grains --|g 24.4.|t Collisionally Heated Dust --|g 25.|t Grain Physics: Charging and Sputtering --|g 25.1.|t Collisional Charging --|g 25.2.|t Photoelectric Emission --|g 25.3.|t Grain Charging in the Diffuse ISM --|g 25.4.|t Secondary Electron Emission
50500|g 25.5.|t Electron Field Emission --|g 25.6.|t Ion Field Emission and Coulomb Explosions --|g 25.7.|t Sputtering in Hot Gas --|g 26.|t Grain Dynamics --|g 26.1.|t Translational Motion --|g 26.2.|t Rotational Motion --|g 26.3.|t Alignment of Interstellar Dust --|g 27.|t Heating and Cooling of H II Regions --|g 27.1.|t Heating by Photoionization --|g 27.2.|t Other Heating Processes --|g 27.3.|t Cooling Processes --|g 27.4.|t Thermal Equilibrium --|g 27.5.|t Emission Spectrum of an H II Region --|g 27.6.|t Observed Temperatures in H II Regions --|g 28.|t Orion H II Region --|g 28.1.|t Trapezium Stars --|g 28.2.|t Distribution of Ionized Gas --|g 28.3.|t Orion Bar --|g 28.4.|t Gas Kinematics --|g 28.5.|t PIGS, Proplyds, and Shadows --|g 29.|t H I Clouds: Observations --|g 29.1.|t 21-cm Line Observations --|g 29.2.|t Distribution of the H I --|g 29.3.|t Zeeman Effect --|g 29.4.|t Optical and UV Absorption Line Studies --|g 29.5.|t Infrared Emission --|g 30.|t H I Clouds: Heating and Cooling --|g 30.1.|t Heating: Starlight, Cosmic Rays, X Rays, and MHD Waves --|g 30.2.|t Photoelectric Heating by Dust --|g 30.3.|t Cooling: [C II] 158 &mu;m, [OI] 63 &mu;m, and Other Lines
50500|g 30.4.|t Two "Phases" for HI in the ISM --|g 30.5.|t Emission Spectrum of an HI Cloud --|g 31.|t Molecular Hydrogen --|g 31.1.|t Gas-Phase Formation of H2 --|g 31.2.|t Grain Catalysis of H2 --|g 31.3.|t Photodissociation of H2 --|g 31.4.|t Self-Shielding --|g 31.5.|t Excitation of Vibration and Rotation by UV Pumping --|g 31.6.|t Rotational Level Populations --|g 31.7.|t Structure of a Photodissociation Region --|g 31.8.|t Dense PDRs --|g 32.|t Molecular Clouds: Observations --|g 32.1.|t Taxonomy and Astronomy --|g 32.2.|t Star Counts --|g 32.3.|t Molecular Radio Lines --|g 32.4.|t FIR Emission from Dust --|g 32.5.|t &gamma; rays --|g 32.6.|t Compact, Ultracompact, and Hypercompact HII Regions --|g 32.7.|t IR Point Sources --|g 32.8.|t Masers --|g 32.9.|t Size-Linewidth Relation in Molecular Clouds
50500|g 32.10.|t Magnetic Fields in Molecular Clouds --|g 32.11.|t Energy Dissipation in Molecular Clouds --|g 33.|t Molecular Clouds: Chemistry and Ionization --|g 33.1.|t Photoionization and Photodissociation of Molecules --|g 33.2.|t Ion-Molecule Chemistry in Cold Gas --|g 33.3.|t CH+ Problem --|g 34.|t Physical Processes in Hot Gas --|g 34.1.|t Radiative Cooling --|g 34.2.|t Radiative Cooling Time --|g 34.3.|t Thermal Conduction --|g 34.4.|t Cloud Evaporation in Hot Gas --|g 34.5.|t Conduction Fronts --|g 35.|t Fluid Dynamics --|g 35.1.|t Mass Conservation --|g 35.2.|t Conservation of Momentum: MHD Navier-Stokes Equation --|g 35.3.|t Heating and Cooling --|g 35.4.|t Electrodynamics in a Conducting Fluid: Flux-Freezing --|g 35.5.|t Virial Theorem --|g 36.|t Shock Waves --|g 36.1.|t Sources of Interstellar Shocks --|g 36.2.|t Jump Conditions: Rankine-Hugoniot Relations --|g 36.3.|t Cooling Time and Cooling Length --|g 36.4.|t Collisionless Shocks
50500|g 36.5.|t Electron Temperature --|g 36.6.|t Two-Fluid MHD Shocks in Low Fractional Ionization Gas --|g 37.|t Ionization/Dissociation Fronts --|g 37.1.|t Ionization Fronts: R-Type and D-Type --|g 37.2.|t Expansion of an HII Region in a Uniform Medium --|g 37.3.|t Photodissociation Fronts --|g 38.|t Stellar Winds --|g 38.1.|t Winds from Hot Stars: Stellar Wind Bubbles --|g 38.2.|t Winds from Cool Stars --|g 38.3.|t Stellar Wind Bow-Shock --|g 39.|t Effects of Supernovae on the ISM --|g 39.1.|t Evolution of a Supernova Remnant in a Uniform ISM --|g 39.2.|t Overlapping of SNRs --|g 39.3.|t Supernova Remnants in an Inhomogeneous Medium --|g 39.4.|t Three-Phase Model of the ISM --|g 40.|t Cosmic Rays and Gamma Rays --|g 40.1.|t Cosmic Ray Energy Spectrum and Composition --|g 40.2.|t Theory of Diffusive Shock Acceleration --|g 40.3.|t Injection Problem --|g 40.4.|t Upper Limits on Cosmic Ray Energy --|g 40.5.|t Cosmic Ray Propagation --|g 40.6.|t Synchrotron Emission and Supernova Remnants --|g 40.7.|t Gamma Ray Emission from Interstellar Clouds
50500|g 40.8.|t 26 Al in the ISM --|g 40.9.|t Positrons and Positronium in the ISM --|g 41.|t Gravitational Collapse and Star Formation: Theory --|g 41.1.|t Gravitational Instability: Jeans Instability --|g 41.2.|t Parker Instability --|g 41.3.|t Insights from the Virial Theorem --|g 41.4.|t Magnetic Flux Problem: Ambipolar Diffusion --|g 41.5.|t Angular Momentum Problem --|g 41.6.|t Accretion Disks --|g 41.7.|t Radiation Pressure --|g 42.|t Star Formation: Observations --|g 42.1.|t Collapse of Cores to form Stars --|g 42.2.|t Class 0, I, II, and III Protostars --|g 42.3.|t Initial Mass Function --|g 42.4.|t Star Formation Rates --|g 42.5.|t Schrnidt-Kennicutt Law --|t Appendices --|g A.|t List of Symbols --|g B.|t Physical Constants --|g C.|t Summary of Radiative Processes --|g D.|t Ionization Potentials (eV) --|g E.|t Energy-Level Diagrams --|g F.|t Collisional Rate Coefficients --|g G.|t Semiclassical Atom --|g H.|t Debye Length for a Plasma --|g I.|t Heuristic Model for Ion-Electron Inelastic Scattering --|g J.|t Virial Theorem.
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